We’ve all been there — a rogue pimple appears, and suddenly you’re down a TikTok rabbit hole of pore vacuums, pimple-popping tutorials, and “miracle” serums, all of which promise to clear zits overnight but may actually make the situation worse. Attacking acne from all angles might sound like the most effective way to get rid of it, but dermatologists warn that it’s best not to overdo skin care and to instead combat acne with a simple routine. Here, I talked with dermatologists to get some real advice on how to actually get rid of acne.
Why is my skin breaking out?
Acne is an inflammatory skin condition that affects almost everyone, often for different reasons. Hygiene and diet play a role, but hormones are a big culprit. During puberty, for example, an “increase in androgens cause the sebaceous glands to overproduce oil,” says Dr. Dendy Engelman, and that is why teenagers are particularly prone to pimples. But hormonal acne comes for adults too. If your levels of estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone fluctuate due to stress or another condition, like pregnancy, perimenopause, or even your monthly menstrual cycle, your skin may break out. Acne can also run in families. If a parent or grandparent has had acne, there’s a slightly greater chance future generations will suffer too.
How can I change my skin-care routine to prevent acne?
Keeping your skin clean is essential. When an overproduction of oil and dead skin cells clogs your hair follicles, acne is the result, says Dr. Dendy Engelman. Anything from leaving makeup on overnight to skipping a post-workout shower can trigger it. Dermatologist Marisa Garshick of Medical Dermatology & Cosmetic Surgery Centers recommends double-cleansing each evening: Wash your face twice with a cleanser, or apply makeup remover and then cleanse afterward. This will ensure all dirt, makeup, and bacteria come off your face, minimizing the potential for clogged pores.
Dermatologists also recommend looking for skin-care products with ingredients like salicylic acid and benzoyl peroxide. These can prevent new breakouts and treat existing ones. Garshick says that a moisturizer like Cetaphil’s Gentle Clear Mattifying Acne Moisturizer, which contains 0.5 percent salicylic acid, works well for people with oily skin or acne-prone skin. It hydrates and prevents breakouts simultaneously.
If your acne persists even with vigilant cleansing and the addition of salicylic acid or benzoyl peroxide, consider a stronger active ingredient like an over-the-counter retinol (vitamin A). Retinol is a weaker form of a prescription retinoid; it acts like an antioxidant, helping to reverse skin damage, premature signs of aging, and acne, says New York City–based dermatologist Whitney Bowe. Engelman’s favorite over-the-counter option is Differin gel, which reduces acne while improving the appearance of acne scars and dark spots. If your skin is on the sensitive side, consider a retinal, a gentler form of retinol. Garshick suggests Medik8’s Crystal Retinal to promote skin-cell turnover and prevent clogged pores. “When you start a new product, give it at least four weeks to take effect. Sometimes it can take two to three months for a product to clear your acne,” says Garshick.
Should I ever pop a pimple?
Popping a zit should be left to a dermatologist or esthetician. Popping at home can move bacteria deeper into your skin, which can cause redness, inflammation, and swelling.
Can wearing makeup cause acne?
It can contribute to clogged pores. If you wear makeup, look for products that are “noncomedogenic,” meaning they don’t contain silicones or oil, and “non-acnegenic,” meaning they’re free of fragrances and alcohols that can irritate the skin or make acne worse.
Should I see a dermatologist?
If you’re still dealing with acne after attempting to introduce acne-fighting skin-care products into your routine, it may be time to see a dermatologist, especially if your acne becomes painful. A professional can assess your concerns and come up with a targeted plan, including oral medication, like Accutane, doxycycline, or spironolactone, or in-office treatments, like cortisone shots.
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